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Patient-based research refers to medical research conducted mainly on volunteer sick patients or symptomatic individuals, and sometimes on healthy volunteers, with the aim of increasing and improving medical knowledge about a disease and thereby making the patient better i.e. more effective, safer, more practical. , to discover new and improved methods of disease detection and diagnosis, and to develop medicines, treatment methods and medical devices for the purpose of treatment, symptom relief and prevention, with a view to providing practical and appropriate services. Sometimes participants are studied as subjects of research, rather than involving patients or individuals themselves, but instead collect data, samples, or biopsies from them. Patient-centered research is conducted in the patient’s or individual’s home, physician’s office, research center, hospital, medical institution, and even today on the Internet. The proper conduct of medical scientific research depends on a team consisting of a principal investigator as well as assistant physicians, scientists, local research coordinators, attendants (nurses), laboratory workers, consultants, mechanics, healthcare workers, social workers, etc. To ensure reliability, patient-based research is well-defined in scope, adheres to a clear research protocol, and is conducted only if certain conditions are met. Some general conditions are that the research must advance or advance medical knowledge, it must be carried out by appropriately qualified persons, all necessary measures must be taken to protect the health of the patients or healthy subjects participating in the experiment and their consent must be obtained from the competent authority or review board. Obtain approval from and take all necessary legal and ethical steps.
Subjects in patient-based research can be divided into several categories. These are financial sponsors, research organizations, researchers, participants, monitoring organizations and beneficiaries or consumers. Patient-based research is funded by the public and private sectors. Among them are National Institutes of Health Research, Centers for Disease Control and Research, pharmaceutical companies, medical device manufacturers, biotech companies, universities, private foundations, national academic societies, etc. Patient-centered research is conducted not at the individual level, but under a research organization or organization, such as an academic health center, private research institute, survey research organization, government research program, and contract research organization. Medical scientists with various advanced degrees (such as MD, PhD, RN, PharmD, etc.) perform research, called researchers or investigators. Patients, symptomatic individuals or healthy individuals who voluntarily participate in research are called participants. Monitoring bodies include local or national or international level regulatory bodies, review boards or ministries. Health insurance institutions, for-profit or non-profit health care providers, individuals receiving health care, etc. constitute the beneficiary or consumer category of the study.
Patient-based research can be divided into two main categories: patient-based trials (or interventional studies) and observational studies.
Individuals participating in patient-centered trials or interventional studies undergo a specific procedure that interferes with their health, such as taking a new drug, using a medical device, changing behavior or diet, according to a protocol pre-planned by the researcher. A patient-centered trial compares a new treatment regimen with an established standard treatment regimen, a placebo, or no treatment regimen. Patient-based tests are performed in multiple steps or phases. The purpose of this research is to study the efficacy, safety and side-effects of new drugs or procedures.
Observational studies do not test the effectiveness of a specific drug or remedial treatment method, but instead observe changes in the health of participants according to specific study protocols. A natural history study, for example, collects and studies patients’ health data with the aim of trying to understand how the disease develops and progresses over time.
