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Water for injection is extra high quality water without significant contamination. A sterile version is used to make a solution that will be given by injection. Before such use other substances must be added so that the solution is more or less isotonic. It can be given by injection into a vein, muscle, or under the skin. A non-sterile version can be used in production with sterilization after the manufacturing process.
If it is injected intravenously without being nearly isotonic, red blood cells may break down. This can lead to kidney problems. Excess amounts can cause fluid overload. Water for injection is usually produced by distillation or reverse osmosis. It should contain less than one milligram of the substance per 100 milliliters of water. Versions of agents that inhibit bacterial growth are also available.
Water for injection (WFI) is a part of purified water systems in pharmaceuticals. WFI is used as an adjuvant in the manufacture of parenteral products and controls product endotoxin and other preparations when water is used as a vehicle, and is also used to clean containers of parenteral products. The pH of Water for injection ranges from 5.0 to 7.0
It is on the World Health Organization’s list of essential medicines. Water for injection is available over the counter in the United States.
